Effects of adrenaline, calcium, and ouabain on the resting potential of frog muscle: interpretation based on the theory of allosteric control of cooperative interactions among surface anionic sites.

The surface adsorption theory of the cellular electric potential, a subsidiary of the association-induction hypothesis, can offer quantitative interpretations of the equilibrium resting potential of frog muscle in the presence of a constant concentration (100 mM) of external Na+ and varying external K+ (ranging from 0.1 mM to 100 mM) both in the absence and in the presence of cardinal adsorbents (ouabain, adrenaline, or Ca++). The theory can also quantitatively describe experimental data published by other laboratories from the studies of various cell types in the presence of these and other cardinal adsorbents, including some well known data which, up to now, have been regarded as specific evidence in support of the electrogenic pump theory.